Calculate Fabric Shrinkage Percentage in the Textile

Selim Reza
18 Jul, 2024

Calculating Fabric Shrinkage Percentage is essential for ensuring that the final garment fits correctly and meets quality standards. Shrinkage can occur during washing, drying, or finishing processes. 


How to Calculate Fabric Shrinkage Percentage in the Textile

Here’s a step-by-step guide to calculating fabric shrinkage percentage in textiles:

1. Prepare the Fabric Sample

  • Cut a Sample: Cut a square piece of fabric. Common sizes are 10 inches by 10 inches or 50 cm by 50 cm. The larger the sample, the more accurate the measurement.

2. Measure the Original Dimensions

  • Mark the Sample: Use a fabric marker to draw lines and mark the original dimensions on the sample.
  • Measure Accurately: Measure the length and width of the sample to the nearest millimeter using a measuring tape or ruler.

3. Wash and Dry the Sample

  • Standard Procedure: Wash and dry the sample according to the fabric’s care instructions. Use the same conditions that will be used for the finished garment.
  • Replicate Real Conditions: If the garment will be industrially laundered, simulate the industrial process as closely as possible.

4. Measure the Post-Wash Dimensions

  • Measure Again: After washing and drying, measure the length and width of the sample again to the nearest millimeter.

5. Calculate the Shrinkage Percentage

  • Use the following formula to calculate the shrinkage percentage for both length and width:
Shrinkage Percentage=(Original Dimension−Post-Wash Dimension Original Dimension)×100

6. Example Calculation

  • Original Dimensions:

    • Length: 50 cm
    • Width: 50 cm

  • Post-Wash Dimensions:

    • Length: 48 cm
    • Width: 47 cm

  • Length Shrinkage:

Shrinkage Percentage (Length)=(50−4850)×100=(250)×100=4%
  • Width Shrinkage:
Shrinkage Percentage (Width)=(50−4750)×100=(350)×100=6%

7. Average Shrinkage Calculation (Optional)
  • If needed, you can calculate the average shrinkage percentage for overall shrinkage:
Average Shrinkage Percentage=Length Shrinkage Percentage + Width Shrinkage Percentage2

Using the example values:

Average Shrinkage Percentage=4%+6%2=5%\text{Average Shrinkage Percentage} = 

8. Documentation

  • Record the Shrinkage Percentages for both length and width. This information should be documented and used in production planning to adjust the pattern dimensions accordingly.

By Following these steps, you can accurately determine the fabric Shrinkage Percentage, ensuring that the final Garments meet the desired size and fit specifications.


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