Process of Fabric Inspection in Apparels/Textile?

Inspecting Fabric rolls in a Garment Factory is a crucial step to ensure the quality of the final product. 

What is the process of fabric inspection in Apparels/Textile? Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to inspect fabric rolls effectively:

• Set Up a Proper Inspection Area: Ensure the inspection area is clean, well-lit, and free from dust and debris. A fabric inspection machine or table with backlighting can help in identifying defects.
• Gather Necessary Tools: You'll need tools like measuring tapes, markers or chalk, defect tags, a notepad or inspection form, and possibly a fabric inspection machine.

2. Visual Inspection

• Check for Surface Defects: Unroll the fabric partially on the inspection table. Inspect both sides of the fabric for defects like holes, stains, uneven dyeing, slubs, or misprints.
• Examine the Selvage: Check the fabric’s edges (selvage) for irregularities such as fraying or curling.
• Review Fabric Consistency: Look for consistency in color and texture across the entire roll. Compare it to a control sample, if available.

3. Measure Fabric Dimensions

• Check Fabric Width: Measure the width of the fabric at several points to ensure it matches the specified dimensions.
• Verify Fabric Length: Roll out the entire length of the fabric and measure it to ensure it meets the required yardage or meterage.

4. Conduct Quality Tests (If Required)

• Shrinkage Test: Cut a small piece of fabric, wash it, and measure again to check for shrinkage.
• Color Fastness Test: Rub the fabric with a damp cloth to see if the color transfers. You can also expose a small piece to light to test for fading.
• Strength Test: Perform a tensile strength test, if necessary, to ensure the fabric can withstand stress without tearing.

5. Document Findings

• Record Defects: Note the type, location, and severity of any defects found. Use defect tags to mark the spots on the fabric roll.
• Grade the Fabric: Based on the defects found, grade the fabric according to the factory’s grading system (e.g., A, B, C grades).

6. Decide on Acceptance or Rejection

• Acceptance Criteria: Determine if the fabric roll meets the factory’s quality standards. If the defects are minor and can be corrected or overlooked, the fabric may be accepted.
• Rejection: If the fabric does not meet quality standards, reject the roll and communicate with the supplier for a replacement or correction.

7. Final Steps

• Label the Roll: Once the inspection is complete, label the roll with an inspection tag indicating whether it has been accepted, rejected, or requires further action.
• Store or Return: If accepted, move the fabric roll to the storage area. If rejected, prepare it for return to the supplier.

Tips:

• Use a 4-Point System: This is a common fabric inspection method where points are assigned based on the size and severity of defects. It helps in standardizing the inspection process.
• Regular Training: Ensure that all personnel involved in the inspection process are regularly trained on updated inspection techniques and standards.

Following these steps will help you maintain consistent quality control over the fabric used in garment production.